Section 7 · Overviews and conventions

suffixes.7

Package: man-pages

SUFFIXES

NAME
DESCRIPTION
STANDARDS
BUGS
SEE ALSO

NAME

suffixes − list of file suffixes

DESCRIPTION

It is customary to indicate the contents of a file with the file suffix, which (typically) consists of a period, followed by one or more letters. Many standard utilities, such as compilers, use this to recognize the type of file they are dealing with. The make(1) utility is driven by rules based on file suffix.

Following is a list of suffixes which are likely to be found on a Linux system.

Suffix

File type

,v

files for RCS (Revision Control System)

-

backup file

.C

C++ source code, equivalent to .cc

.F

Fortran source with cpp(1) directives

or file compressed using freeze

.S

assembler source with cpp(1) directives

.Y

file compressed using yabba

.Z

file compressed using compress(1)

.[0−9]+gf

TeX generic font files

.[0−9]+pk

TeX packed font files

.[1−9]

manual page for the corresponding section

.[1−9][a-z]

manual page for section plus subsection

.a

static object code library

.ad

X application default resource file

.ada

Ada source (may be body, spec, or combination)

.adb

Ada body source

.ads

Ada spec source

.afm

PostScript font metrics

.al

Perl autoload file

.am

automake(1) input file

.arc

arc(1) archive

.arj

arj(1) archive

.asc

PGP ASCII-armored data

.asm

(GNU) assembler source file

.au

Audio sound file

.aux

LaTeX auxiliary file

.avi

(msvideo) movie

.awk

AWK language program

.b

LILO boot loader image

.bak

backup file

.bash

bash(1) shell script

.bb

basic block list data produced by

gcc −ftest−coverage

.bbg

basic block graph data produced by

gcc −ftest−coverage

.bbl

BibTeX output

.bdf

X font file

.bib

TeX bibliographic database, BibTeX input

.bm

bitmap source

.bmp

bitmap

.bz2

file compressed using bzip2(1)

.c

C source

.cat

message catalog files

.cc

C++ source

.cf

configuration file

.cfg

configuration file

.cgi

WWW content generating script or program

.cls

LaTeX Class definition

.class

Java compiled byte-code

.conf

configuration file

.config

configuration file

.cpp

equivalent to .cc

.csh

csh(1) shell script

.cxx

equivalent to .cc

.dat

data file

.deb

Debian software package

.def

Modula-2 source for definition modules

.def

other definition files

.desc

initial part of mail message unpacked with

munpack(1)

.diff

file differences (diff(1) command output)

.dir

dbm data base directory file

.doc

documentation file

.dsc

Debian Source Control (source package)

.dtx

LaTeX package source file

.dvi

TeX’s device independent output

.el

Emacs-Lisp source

.elc

compiled Emacs-Lisp source

.eps

encapsulated PostScript

.exp

Expect source code

.f

Fortran source

.f77

Fortran 77 source

.f90

Fortran 90 source

.fas

precompiled Common-Lisp

.fi

Fortran include files

.fig

FIG image file (used by xfig(1))

.fmt

TeX format file

.gif

Compuserve Graphics Image File format

.gmo

GNU format message catalog

.gsf

Ghostscript fonts

.gz

file compressed using gzip(1)

.h

C or C++ header files

.help

help file

.hf

equivalent to .help

.hlp

equivalent to .help

.htm

poor man’s .html

.html

HTML document used with the World Wide Web

.hqx

7-bit encoded Macintosh file

.i

C source after preprocessing

.icon

bitmap source

.idx

reference or datum-index file for hypertext

or database system

.image

bitmap source

.in

configuration template, especially for GNU Autoconf

.info

files for the Emacs info browser

.info-[0−9]+

split info files

.ins

LaTeX package install file for docstrip

.itcl

itcl source code;

itcl ([incr Tcl]) is an OO extension of tcl

.java

a Java source file

.jpeg

Joint Photographic Experts Group format

.jpg

poor man’s .jpeg

.js

JavaScript source code

.jsx

JSX (JavaScript XML-like extension) source code

.kmap

lyx(1) keymap

.l

equivalent to .lex or .lisp

.lex

lex(1) or flex(1) files

.lha

lharc archive

.lib

Common-Lisp library

.lisp

Lisp source

.ln

files for use with lint(1)

.log

log file, in particular produced by TeX

.lsm

Linux Software Map entry

.lsp

Common-Lisp source

.lzh

lharc archive

.m

Objective-C source code

.m4

m4(1) source

.mac

macro files for various programs

.man

manual page (usually source rather than formatted)

.map

map files for various programs

.me

Nroff source using the me macro package

.mf

Metafont (font generator for TeX) source

.mgp

MagicPoint file

.mm

sources for groff(1) in mm - format

.mo

Message catalog binary file

.mod

Modula-2 source for implementation modules

.mov

(quicktime) movie

.mp

Metapost source

.mp2

MPEG Layer 2 (audio) file

.mp3

MPEG Layer 3 (audio) file

.mpeg

movie file

.o

object file

.old

old or backup file

.orig

backup (original) version of a file, from patch(1)

.out

output file, often executable program (a.out)

.p

Pascal source

.pag

dbm data base data file

.patch

file differences for patch(1)

.pbm

portable bitmap format

.pcf

X11 font files

.pdf

Adobe Portable Data Format

(use Acrobat/acroread or xpdf)

.perl

Perl source (see .ph, .pl, and .pm)

.pfa

PostScript font definition files, ASCII format

.pfb

PostScript font definition files, binary format

.pgm

portable greymap format

.pgp

PGP binary data

.ph

Perl header file

.php

PHP program file

.php3

PHP3 program file

.pid

File to store daemon PID (e.g., crond.pid)

.pl

TeX property list file or Perl library file

.pm

Perl module

.png

Portable Network Graphics file

.po

Message catalog source

.pod

perldoc(1) file

.ppm

portable pixmap format

.pr

bitmap source

.ps

PostScript file

.py

Python source

.pyc

compiled python

.qt

quicktime movie

.r

RATFOR source (obsolete)

.rej

patches that patch(1) couldn’t apply

.rpm

RPM software package

.rtf

Rich Text Format file

.rules

rules for something

.s

assembler source

.sa

stub libraries for a.out shared libraries

.sc

sc(1) spreadsheet commands

.scm

Scheme source code

.sed

sed source file

.sgml

SGML source file

.sh

sh(1) scripts

.shar

archive created by the shar(1) utility

.shtml

HTML using Server Side Includes

.so

Shared library or dynamically loadable object

.sql

SQL source

.sqml

SQML schema or query program

.sty

LaTeX style files

.sym

Modula-2 compiled definition modules

.tar

archive created by the tar(1) utility

.tar.Z

tar(1) archive compressed with compress(1)

.tar.bz2

tar(1) archive compressed with bzip2(1)

.tar.gz

tar(1) archive compressed with gzip(1)

.taz

tar(1) archive compressed with compress(1)

.tcl

tcl source code

.tex

TeX or LaTeX source

.texi

equivalent to .texinfo

.texinfo

Texinfo documentation source

.text

text file

.tfm

TeX font metric file

.tgz

tar archive compressed with gzip(1)

.tif

poor man’s .tiff

.tiff

Tagged Image File Format

.tk

tcl/tk script

.tmp

temporary file

.tmpl

template files

.ts

TypeScript source code

.tsx

TypeScript with JSX source code (.ts + .jsx)

.txt

equivalent to .text

.uu

equivalent to .uue

.uue

binary file encoded with uuencode(1)

.vf

TeX virtual font file

.vpl

TeX virtual property list file

.w

Silvio Levi’s CWEB

.wav

wave sound file

.web

Donald Knuth’s WEB

.wml

Source file for Web Meta Language

.xbm

X11 bitmap source

.xcf

GIMP graphic

.xml

eXtended Markup Language file

.xpm

X11 pixmap source

.xs

Perl xsub file produced by h2xs

.xsl

XSL stylesheet

.y

yacc(1) or bison(1) (parser generator) files

.z

File compressed using pack(1) (or an old gzip(1))

.zip

zip(1) archive

.zoo

zoo(1) archive

~

Emacs or patch(1) backup file

rc

startup (‘run control’) file, e.g., .newsrc

STANDARDS

General UNIX conventions.

BUGS

This list is not exhaustive.

SEE ALSO

file(1), make(1)